LESSON 18: UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATORS

1. Study the index cards on Uniform Resource Locators. I've included a hard copy of these index cards, for your convenience. These cards reinforce material that you've already read in the Weasel book. Be sure you can answer all the questions!
   1. What does "URL" stand for?
   2. What is a URL used for?
   3. What is the "protocol identifier" in the URL http://www.keypress.com/sketchpad/sketchdemo.html?
   4. What are two common protocol identifiers?
   5. What does "http://" stand for?
   6. What does "ftp://" stand for?
   7. What is the domain name in the URL http://www.keypress.com/sketchpad/sketchdemo.html?
   8. What is another name for "domain name"?
   9. What is a "domain name"?
   10. What is the pathname in the URL http://www.keypress.com/sketchpad/sketchdemo.html?
   11. Write the code that could be used to automatically send an email message from within a browser. It should send to "somename@hotmail.com". The clickable area should say "Send me an email!
   12. If there's a forward slash at the end of a URL, what is the URL pointing to?
   13. How do most servers handle the situation when there is a forward slash at the end of a URL?
   14. Is it possible for directory contents to be displayed when a URL ends with a forward slash?
2. Please read pages 74–77 (the chapter on "Accessibility", up to "Accessibility in Web Technologies") in the Weasel book and answer the following questions:
   1. Suppose a person with a disability can't input information using a standard keyboard or mouse. What might they do?
   2. How might vision-impaired users access the web?
   3. Do there exist devices that translate text into Braille for tactile reading?
   4. If you're designing a government site, do you have to make the site accessible to persons with disabilities? If so, when did this law become effective?
   5. What is a side advantage of making a site available to people with disabilities?
   6. Wha does WAI stand for?
   7. What is the primary purpose of the WAI?
   8. The WAI has come up with a phrase that describes its basic goal: "to create sites that ___________________ when accessed via alternative methods"
   9. The WAI has created three documents that target three key audiences. Who are these three audiences?
   10. Visit the WAI web site to see what an accessible site can look like: http://www.w3.org/WAI (Be sure to find and click the "change column layout" button!)
   11. The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 document is a WAI recommendation that has 14 guidelines with "checkpoints" that describe how the guideline applies. Each checkpoint is given a priority. What do priorities 1, 2, and 3 mean? Does the Weasel book provide the priority info for each checkpoint?
   12. Read through the short descriptions of the 14 Guidelines in the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 document. List three that seem particularly meaningful to you.
   13. What do "interim solutions" mean?
   14. According to the WAI document Techniques for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, should images be used for text and information?
   15. According to the WAI document Techniques for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, what should you provide for all images?
   16. What attribute is used in the IMG tag to provide alternative text? Is this attribute required in the HTML 4.0 specifications?
   17. According to the WAI document Techniques for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, what should there be at the end of alt text, and why?
   18. According to the WAI document Techniques for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, what should you do when linking with a graphic?
   19. According to the WAI document Techniques for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, what should you do when using an imagemap? (We'll study imagemaps later on.)
   20. According to the WAI document Techniques for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, should you provide a text-only version of your entire site?
   21. According to the WAI document Techniques for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, what should you do if you use an audio clip?
   22. According to the WAI document Techniques for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, what should you do when creating an online form?
   23. According to the WAI document Techniques for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, should you use the <blink> tag, and why?
   24. According to the WAI document Techniques for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, should you use HTML structural tags to achieve presentation purposes? Why or why not?
   25. Give one example of using HTML structural tags for presentation purposes.
   26. According to the WAI document Techniques for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, should you use pop-up windows, and why?

• "Coding" part:
  (10 pts) This continues practice with writing pathnames. We will do an exercise like this in class.
  Be able to create a given directory structure in your own personal file space.
  A file   test.htm   displays an image   tigger.gif .
  Depending on the locations of the files   test.htm   and   tigger.gif , different pathnames must be used!
  I will ask you to put   test.htm   in a particular place, and   tigger.gif   in a different place.
  You must write the correct pathname so that the image can be found!
• (3 pts) Show me that you've marked the answers to all the questions in your text book.
• (20 pts) Questions from the index cards and reading (see below).
  There will be 27 randomly-chosen questions; you will cross off 7 questions.
  The remaining 20 questions are worth 1 point each.